I think that the reason that "The Yellow Wallpaper" is so disturbing and upsetting is because it is written in diary format. The reader instantly becomes intimate with Jane, and the reader can be confident that Jane is a reliable narrator, as diaries are where people divulge their secrets and true feelings (even if her thinking and rationale is not logical to the normal person, it is logical to her, thus making her a reliable narrator). I would venture a guess that so many people enjoy reading "The Yellow Wallpaper" because of this intimacy.
Because Jane is freely able to express her ideas in her diary, the reader is able to see that John, her husband, "does not believe [she is] sick" (1684). This automatically turns the reader against doctors (and possibly men in general), as well as confirming that Jane really is suffering from a neurological disease. However, Jane starts to feel guilty of her issues, saying that she "meant to be such a help to John, such a real rest and comfort, and here I am a comparative burden already!" (1686). Again, the reader should automatically have sympathy toward Jane, and contempt toward doctors (or, again, to men in general).
Since the reader is able to connect with Jane on such an intimate level, the short story becomes horrifying. First, Jane seems so innocent and sweet, and it is very sad to realize that she is suffering, and no one is able (or willing) to do anything about it. John may be somewhat naive, but he tries to force her to believe that bed rest will help her, saying "You know the place is doing you good" (1686). Second, the "real" horror story is that this could potentially happen to anyone. No one is safe from psychological disorders, and delving into the mind of a suffering individual brings about the terror that something like this could someday happen to the reader. Personally, I feel that the story would have less of an impact if it was written in 3rd person (and it would be completely unreliable), and I think it would even have less of an impact if it was done in standard 1st person. The diary format presents the story through an unfiltered lens, allowing the reader to fully trust Jane.
"The Yellow Wallpaper" is not the only form of literature to employ this tactic. Dracula, in my opinion one of the greatest works of literature of all time, makes the reader feel like the vampires are real because of the 1st person diary form. Obviously, the idea behind Dracula is ridiculous (sorry Twilight fans), but Stoker makes the situation feel so real, thus creating the terror that many felt when reading the novel. In film, a genre that is becoming more and more popular with recent success is the camcorder style. This presents the same kind of 1st person intimacy that diary form does, and movies such as The Blair Witch Project, Cloverfield, Diary of the Dead, and Troll Hunter have made absolutely ridiculous premises feel real. While viewing these movies, you feel as though you are actually there, as the camcorder acts as your own two eyes. If anyone loves horror movies, check out as many camcorder style movies as possible, you won't be disappointed!
Does anyone agree with me that the 1st person intimacy is what truly makes "The Yellow Wallpaper" frightening?
I agree with you Ryan! I believe 1st person intimacy is a crucial part in creating fear. It changes the story from just a fictional piece, describing the downward spiral of insanity, to almost a conversational piece. This level of intimacy makes the story more personal and frightening because it tricks the reader into believing this is really happening, and leaves the reader fearful that this could happen to them too.
ReplyDeleteI also agree with this statement regarding the first-person narrative. Honestly, I don't think this story would have been so successful when it was first published had it not been for its unique diary formatting. Perhaps what's more frightening to being on the inside of the main character's mind is the fact that we as readers see that breaking point. The first-person narration can easily bring that insanity into your own mind, questioning when the main character reached the point of no return.
ReplyDeleteI really enjoyed your comparison to the hand held camera genre of horror film. I personally love those types of movies and seeing it in literary form made me feel even more connected to the story. There is just something about a diary format that is at once intimate and very disturbing.
ReplyDeleteDracula is one of my favorite horror stories for that same reason! Horror stories are certainly more frightening when looked at from the inside out. I believe it's the reason psychological thrillers like the sixth sense are so popular. It's because the audience doesn't understand what's really going on with the protagonist until the end and the shock of seeing a person you've come to know intimately finally snap is somehow entrancing to a reader.
ReplyDeleteTerrific work, Ryan--and smart comments, folks.
ReplyDelete